Wadi Al Helo

Wadi Al Helo is one of Sharjah’s several enclaves. Just off the old Kalba Road, the valley lies on the old caravan trade route and has applied to be listed as a UNESCO Heritage Site as part of the Gateway to the Trucial States.

One of three watchtowers up on the hilltops overlooking many of the ruins.

Helo, as you may know, means sweet, so it is called The Sweet Valley. This is mainly attributed to the sweet water in the area which has made the land very fertile and particularly good for growing fruit. Farms can still be seen in the area growing different fruits and dates as well as fodder for animals such as goats.

Farming area

Higher up the valley

Wadi Helo from the watchtower

It is also one of the many protected areas in the Emirate of Sharjah due to its biodiversity and is home to many species of birds, rodents and reptiles as well as fish.

Wadi al Helo is most famous for its rich history though. It has ruins, graves and other archaeological sites from several periods and evidence from digs points to it having been more or less continuously inhabited for at least 10,000 years.

Sites and relics found at Wadi Al Helo have been carbon-dated as far back as the Neolithic Period with dates given as at least 8000 BC. Later sites indicate settled life in the Bronze Age, Iron Age, Pre-Islamic and Islamic Ages.

A copper mining workshop dating back to 3000 BC was discovered during one of several archaeological digs. The larger area was one of the important copper mining centres and it was exported to Mesopotamia.

Some relics can be seen in Al Hisn Museum, Khor Fakkan. And if you look closely at the surrounding mountains, you may still see copper veins running through them.

Copper ingot found at Wadi Al Helo, displayed at Al Hisn Museum, Khor Fakkan. You can see other archaeological finds at the museum and read up on the history of the area.

Rock art of people, animals, symbols and inscriptions was also discovered in the area dating back to different periods.

Credit: Michele Ziolkowski, Rock on Art: Petrogylph sites in the UAE, 2007

The mosque, which has been restored, and the village nearby are around 120 years old. The main house had a courtyard and a staircase and was surrounded by about twenty other houses as well as stores, fields, tobacco drying rooms, cemeteries, wells and the nearby watchtower. This indicates that they were fairly well off.

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On one side, on top of the hill, you can see three watchtowers in a row which safeguarded the area. If you’re fit it’s a fairly easy climb up from the road in good weather and you can enjoy the view over the valley.

There are also hiking groups which run organised trips. The area is dangerous though during rainy weather as flash floods are common.

You might see goats on a field trip too.

Park near Wadi Al Helo Fort and explore the ruins from different ages nearby and then as you drive further up, you will pass many other structures on your way. It just goes on and on!

The road itself is not paved, but it is a firm surface with grit and small stones. It is also one way so you may find yourself backing up if you meet someone en route. Watch out for goats suddenly appearing on the road.

As always, make sure you’re prepared for going off the beaten track.